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Review reviewHigh

CVE-2025-71397

surrealdb

SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 allows authenticated users with OWNER or EDITOR permissions (at the root, namespace, or database level) to define custom database functions via DEFINE FUNCTION using nested FOR loops. Although a single loop's iteration count is constrained, nesting multiple loops (e.g., each with 1,000,000 iterations) is not, so an attacker can execute a function that consumes all server CPU time. Configured timeouts do not stop the execution, rendering the server unresponsive to other queries and connections until it is manually restarted.

CVSS
7.1
EPSS
0.29%
21.0% percentile
CISA KEV
Not listed
Published
2026.07.18
PRIORITY ASSESSMENT

Review review

The CVSS severity warrants an early asset and exposure review.

Known exploitationNot established by KEV
Exploit probability0.29%
Technical severityCVSS 7.1

Vulnerability overview

SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 allows authenticated users with OWNER or EDITOR permissions (at the root, namespace, or database level) to define custom database functions via DEFINE FUNCTION using nested FOR loops. Although a single loop's iteration count is constrained, nesting multiple loops (e.g., each with 1,000,000 iterations) is not, so an attacker can execute a function that consumes all server CPU time. Configured timeouts do not stop the execution, rendering the server unresponsive to other queries and connections until it is manually restarted.

Affected product and versions

Product
surrealdb
Affected versions
< 2.2.2, < 2.1.5, < 2.0.5
Fixed versions
No verified fixed-version field is available yet

Recommended response sequence

Confirm exposure before applying a vendor-supported change.

Full remediation guide
  1. 1
    Identify

    Confirm that surrealdb and an affected version are present.

  2. 2
    Prioritize

    Combine exploitation signals with asset exposure and business criticality.

  3. 3
    Remediate

    Follow the vendor advisory or supported update path and preserve rollback options.

  4. 4
    Verify

    Recheck the version, service health, access paths, and relevant logs.

Technical data

CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CWE
CWE-835